Waba usanzwe ubona iyi mashini iyo ugize amahirwe yo gukandagira imbere mu kibuga cy’indege waba ugiye ku rugendo cyangwa uruvuyemo?
Akenshi iyo uri umugenzi wicaye mu ndege mbere yo guhaguruka uzajya kubona ubone itangiye gusubira inyuma iva aho yari iparitse nyuma gatoya ukumva moteri zirakijwe, ubundi, ukazagira cyangwa wagize amahirwe yo kubibona ubirebera ku ruhandeRimwe na rimwe ubona iyi mashini isunika indege ukibaza uti ese koko ni ngombwa? ese indege ibuze imbaraga zo kwisubiza inyuma?
Iyi mashini rero mu mvugo zkoresha mu bibuga by’indege zikunze kwitwa “PUSHBACK TRACTOR” kandi bikaba bihita byumvikanisha akamaro kayo, ni imashi ifite agaciro cyane mu buzima bw’ikibuga cy’indege ku buryo nta kibuga na kimwe mpuza mahanga kw’isi cyakwemererwa gukora imirimo yacyo kidafite iyi mashini!
Si ihame ko indege yose ihagaze mu kibuga iba iri bukenere gusunikwa n’iyi mashini kuko biterwa n’ingano yayo,intera(distance) ndetse n’icyerekezo yahagaze irebamo ugereranyije n’inyubako ziri hafi aho cyane cyane izo abagenzi baturukamo binjira mu ndege zizwi kw’izina rya “Terminal“
Iyi rero nk’uko izina ribisobanura yifashishwa mu gusunika indege izivana aho ziba ziparitse(hagati yo gusoza urugendo no gutangira urundi) ikazisunika ikazigeza ahantu hitaruye ku buryo aba pilotes b’indege bashobora noneho kwatsa moteri z’indege ikaba yakwijyana ikoresheje imbaraga zayo bwite, cyakora zikanakoreshwa mu gukurura indege cyane cyane nk’izagize ikibazo zi ku butaka kugirango zivanwe aho zagiriye ikibazo zigezwe aho zigomba gusuzumirwa(hitwa HANGAR) nk’uko tubona imodoka zikururwa zijyanywe muri garage.Uti ese ahantu hitaruye ni hehe? hitaruye iki?
Ahitaruye ni ahantu indege indege yaba ihagaze mu gihe moteri zayo zamaze kwaka bikaba bitateza impanuka iyariyo yose ku bindi bikoresho,abakozi bo mu kibuga, n’abagenzi bandi banyura muri icyo kibuga cy’indege bitewe n’uko moteri z’indege zigira imbaraga zo gusunika cyangwa gukurura umuyaga mwinshi imbere n’ inyuma yazo, izo mbaraga zikaba ari nyinshi cyane ku buryo nta kintu cg umuntu wahangara ingaruka zirimo n’urupfu zaterwa no kuba hafi ya moteri(imbere,inyuma no mu mpande ziyegereye) igihe yamaze kwaka.
Iyo rero ni imwe mu mpamvu zituma habaho icyo gikorwa cyitwa “Pushback“kuko kibaho mbere y’uko izo moteri zicanwa mu rwego rwo kwirinda impanuka.
Indi mpamvu nanone ni umutekano wa moteri z’iyo ndege igomba gusunikwa. Mu by’ukuli moteri zishobora gusubiza indege inyuma ariko hari impamvu nyamukuru nk’eshatu zituma bidakunze gukorwa
1.Iyo moteri yakijwe ikurura umwuka mwinshi imbere yayo uwo mwuka ugahuzwa n’ibikomoka kuri Peteroli(Jet fuel) bigatwikirwa mu gice cyitwa Combustion chamber noneho bigatanga imbaraga za moteri zituma igendesha indege,gusa mu gusubira inyuma rero rimwe na rimwe bisaba ko wa mwuka noneho usunikwa ujya imbere kugirango indege ibone imbaraga zo gusubira inyuma.
Bitewe rero n’uko ahantu indege iba iparitse(gate) hari abantu bahakorera benshi ndetse n’ibikoresho byinshi biba biri hafi aho ndetse hakiyongeraho ko haba ari no hafi y’inyubako abagenzi baturukamo bajya mu ndege kandi izo nyubako akenshi zigizwe n’ibirahure binini, biba bishoboka ko iyo moteri yaterura bya bikoresho n’abakozi bari hafi aho byose ikajugunya kuri za nyubako ndetse no mu gihe yakurura umwuka ikaba yakururamo n’ibyo bikoresho n’abantu byose bikisanga muri moteri y’indege, ibintu byateza impanuka zikomeye cyane zirimo n’urupfu ndetse no kwangirika cyane kw’indege muri rusange.
2.Auto pushback cyangwa kwisubiza inyuma byirindwa na none kugirango hagabanywe amavuta menshi(Jet Fuel) indege inywa,kuko iki ari kimwe mu bintu bihenda ndetse binazamura cyane igiciro cy’ingendo zo mu kirere,moteri rero zakenera amavuta menshi mu gusbiza indege inyuma bikaba byagira ingaruka ku giciro cy’urugendo cyose.
3. Kuba aba pilotes badashobora kureba inyuma y’indege nayo ni indi mpamvu yatuma birinda kuba aribo bayisubiza inyuma kuko nyine ntibaba bizeye neza niba nta nkomyi(obstacles) ziri inyuma, ni nayo mpamvu muri push back hakunze kuba hari undi muntu cyangwa babiri bitwa wing walkers bagenda bacunga ko amababa y’indege atagira icyo ari bugonge cyange ko n’inyuma y’indege hari umutekano usesuye.
Uku kwisubiza inyuma ariko ntikwagira ingaruka zingana bitewe n’aho moteri ziri ku ndege, ingaruka inyinshi zaba ku ndege zigira moteri munsi y’amababa kuko ziba zegereye ubutaka cyane bikaba byakoroha ko zayora ibiri ku butaka bikazangiza, aha ni nko ku ndege za Boeing, Airbus, Embraer, ari nazo zikunze gukoreshwa cyane mu ngendo nyinshi, ariko ku ndege zigira moteri hejuru kandi ku gice cy’inyuma(Bombardier CRJ, cyangwa Michael Douglas 80, Gulfstream)usanga ho izo ngaruka zo kwangirika kwa moteri zitari ku rwego ruhambaye cyane.
Pushback rero ikorwa n’ibikoresho 2 by’ingenzi:
-Pushback tractor ariyo mashini ifite imbaraga zo gusunika nazo zigendera ku buremere bw’indege igomba gusunika
-Hakaba n’ikindi cyuma cyitwa “Tow Bar” gihuza iyo mashini n’aho gicomekwa kw’ipine y’imbere y’indege.
Towbar zigira amoko atandukanye bitewe n’ubwoko bw’indege igomba gukoreshwaho, ntabwo towbar runaka yakoreshwa ku ndege iyariyo yose, buri cyiciro cy’indege kigira towbar igikoreshwaho n’ubwo pushback truck itahinduka, bivuze ko iyo indege irangije gusunikwa nyuma hakaza itandukanye n’iya mbere ubwo na towbar irahinduka.
Nabibutsa ko izi mashini zikoreshwa n’abantu baba babifitiye uruhushya rwihariye rutangwa n’ikigo gishinzwe iby’indege za gisivili mu gihugu icyaricyo cyose(Civil Aviation Authority)nabwo kandi uru ruhushya bakaruhabwa nyuma y’amasomo n’amahugurwa yihariye yo gukoresha no gutwara izi mashini nk’uko binagenda ku zindi mashini zose zikoreshwa mu kibuga cy’indege.
Tugarutse kuri pushback truck, twababwira ko muri iki gihe hasigaye hariho n’izidakenera towbar arizo zitwa “Towbarless truck” izi rero ziba zifite uburyo bwo kwegera ipine cyangwa amapine y’imbere(bitewe n’umubare wayo) ikayaterura yose ubundi igasunika indege igendesha ay’inyuma gusa,ibi bikaba bisobanuye ko inganda zikora towbars zishobora guhura n’ingaruka y’igihombo kuko ahenshi zigenda zirekeraho gukoreshwa.
Ngibyo bimwe rero nari nateguye kubasobanurira uyu munsi ku bijyanye nimirimo imwe ikorerwa mu kibuga cy’indege.
Iyi nkuru yanditswe na Cyril Ndegeya, inzobere mu gufata amafoto.
